Island



(No Model.)

w. TURNER.

ATOMIZER.

Patented May 1, 1883.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' IVILLIAM A. TURNER, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO JOSEPH DAVOL,

OF SAME PLACE.

ATOMIZER;

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 276,940, dated May 1, 1883.

Application filed February 6, 1883. (N0 model.) I

10 all. whom. it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. TURNER, of the city and county of Providence, in the State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bulb-Atomizers; and I do hercby'declaro that the following specification, taken in connection with the drawings furnished and forming a part of thesame, is a clear,-true, and complete description of my invention.

Bulb-atomizers as heretofore constructed may be properly divided into two general classesviz., those which are intermittent and those which are continuous in their operation. The continuous atomizers necessarily involve the use of two valves, and also a section of flexible tube, or its equivalent, serving as an expansible air-chamber between the bulb and jet-pipe. Intermittentatomizers sometimes contain one valve, sometimes two, and in one variety thereofno valves are used, becausein them the induction of air to the bulb is by way of the air-jet pipe, which alternately servesas an ednction and induction passage for air, the atomizing being performed at each eduction. My improvements pertain to such bulb-atomizers as contain one or two valves, whether organized to operate as intermittent or continuous ato'mizers.

So far as my knowledge extends, the bulbs in a'tomizers containing two valves have heretofore been provided with a metallic couplingneck with a valve therein, and at the opposite end of the bulb a valve-neck containing a valve which freely admits but prevents the eduction of air. heretofore been constructed in two parts, united by screw-joints.

The objeetsof myiuvention as applied to a two-valve atomizer are to obviate the necessity for one of said necks, thereby economizing in labor and material to lessen the liability of leakage to the extent of one-half of that incident to the use of two necks, and to increase the durability of the bulbs, it being well known that they are more liable to crack adjacent to the necks inserted therein than at any other parts thereof.

It is not new to provide for but one bulbneck in such atomizers as have no valve, nor in' some of those that have one valve; but

These valve-necks have each' I prior atomizers having one valve, one neck or,

and 'a communicating tube for the liquid. As compared with the last-described prior atomizers having one valve, I seek to avoid expensive complexity in the construction of the standard, and as compared with the prior atomizers having no valve, I seek to prevent the draft of objectionable and sometimes destructive volatile matters into the bulb, as is liable to occur when the air is drawn inward and forced outward through the same air-jet aperture at which the atomizing is performed.

Another object of my invention is to economize in the cost of producing the valve-necks, which in their Best form, according to my invention, are constructed in one part or piece, instead of in two pieces, as prior forms of neck have heretofore been made, and as one of my metallic necks in one piece takes the fore, the economy accruing from my invention in its best form will be obvious, althoughcertaiu other of the advantages named will accrue if my necks are made in two parts.

To more particularly describe my invention, I will refer tothe accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side view of a continuous atomizer embodying my improvements in their improved neck. Fig. 3 shows two endviews of the same. Fig. 4 is a side view of an intermittent atomizer embodying my improvements,the valve-neck being shown in section. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of one of my improved valve'uecks constructed in two parts.

shown, and it is to be understood that, al-

air-passages radiating theret'rom,and a passage place of two necks, each in two parts, as heretobest form. Fig. 2 is a central section of the The flexible rubber bulbs A may be truly spherical, or, as is preferable, spheroidal, as

though I am not the first to employ atomizer. bulbs having a single opening, I am the first to so organize a continuous atomizer embodycost thereof, but that my bulb is more duraing valves that a bulb having a single opening or aperture can be used therewith. I am also the first to so organize an intermittent atomizer that a bulb having a single opening need not be applied directly to a standard, which at its opposite end enters the bottle which contains the liquid; but a bulb with but one opening, as hereinafter described, is applied by me to a neck which contains an air-induction passage and valve, and is interposed between the bulb and an air pipe or tube, which is connected at its opposite end to the standard, which in part occupies a bottle, and which in turn contains the pipe through which the liquid is delivered from the bottle for atomizing.

The atomizer illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3, iiiclusive, is of the continuous variety, because of the presence of the short length of flexible rubber tubing a, or equivalent expan'sible airchamber, interposed between the bulb and the atomizer-standard B, it being understood that the latter and said tubing may be indefinitely varied without departure from my invention.

The valve-neck (J, Figs. 1 to 3, inclusive, is novel, in that it contains two independent passages, and c. The passage I) is the air-induction passage communicating with the interior of the bulb from outside of the neck, as clearly indicated, and the passage 0 is the aireduction passage communicating between the interior of the bulb and the interior of the flexible and expansible air-tube a. For preventing exit of air by way of induction-passage b, it is provided at its inner end with the valve 1) Within the bulb, and to preventinduction of air from the atomizer-standard and tube a the eduction-passage 0 is provided at its outerend with the valve 0. As hereshown, these valves are small flat pieces of flexible rubber, secured at one side to the neck, either by a rivet, or, as is preferable, by an overhanging portion of the neck itself, which, being composed of soft metal, can be forced down upon said valves, thus firmly securing them in place. Other forms of val'vesmay be employed without departure from my invention; but those used by me are butlittle liabletoderangement as compared with the disk-valves usually employed.

I am the first, so far as I know, to combine with one bulb-neck in an atomizer two valves, respectively for controlling the induction and eduction of air, regardless of the particular arrangement of the air-passages therein.

Asthus far described, it will be obvious tha the compression of the bulb will cause its charge of air to be forced through the passage 0, which will be closed by its valve when the bulb is released from pressure, and that the bulb will thereupon become filled with air by way of the induction-passage b, its valve freely lifting meanwhile. I As thus constructed it will be seen that, as compared with prior atomizers operating continuously, I not only dispense with one valve-neck, thus saving the ble, because it is not out or punctured at one of its ends,'and that I obviate the liability of air-leakage from the bulb just one-half, in that I use one neck instead of two.

Although the neck 0 may be constructed in two parts, as hereinafter indicated, it is obvious that the integral neck shown is far less expensive, and that no such leakage is liable as at the screw-joints of a two-part neck.

The valve-neck (J of the intermittent atomizer, Fig. 4, differs from that already described only in that the eduction-passage c has novalve, but is extended through the usual metal air-pipe, a, to the jet-aperture of the atomizer. In this neck the induction-aperture b is provided with the valve b, as before described.

As compared with one class of prior interj mittent atomizers wherein a valve is employed, I obviate the cost and use of a second neck, the liability of leakage incident thereto, and have increased durability in the bulb, as in the continuous atomizer before described.

I am, of course, aware that with the prior atomizers having a single air-passage for induction and eduction, and terminating at the jet-aperture, the bulb having but one neck would be as durable as mine, except that in such atomizers volatile vapors are liable to be taken into the bulb and be more or less destructive to the rubber of which the bulbs are composed. I also know that the bulbs of the intermittent atomizers having a valve in the standard opposite the jet-aperture would be as durable as mine, so far as relates to having one opening in the bulb; but it is obviousthat an air-jet aperture cannot be relied upon for induction in a continuously-operating atomizer; and, also, that the prior standard having on one side thereof a projecting jet-pipe and on the opposite side a valve cannot be used for continuous atomizing, for the reason that the air-jet aperture and the bulb directly communicate with the valve-chamber, whereas my novel neck is capable of use for either intermittent or continuous atomizers,becauseits two air-passages independently communicate with the interior of the bulb, and either passage can be provided with a valve. Another characteristic feature of my invention is that aneck having air induction and eduction passages is by me interposed between the bulb and the air-pipe, whether the latter be the flexible air-tube for continuous atomizers or the metal air-pipe for intermittent atomizing. This last-named combination with the atomizer-standard, the bulb, and the air pipe or tube shown, with a neck interposed between the air-pipe and bulb, and containing a passage for the induction of air, and a passage by which the air is forced into the air-pipe on its way to the air-jet aperture, at which it operates upon the tip of the liquid-pipe, and wherethe atomizing is effected, is broadly new, and I therefore do not limit myself in this combination to the precise construction of neck or the relative arrangement of the air-passages therein which I have shown and described,for I am well aware that many variations can therein be made without materially afiecting the resalts which accrue, nor substantially departing from my invention.

While for economy and for attaining the best results generally, the necks should be constructed in one piece, it is nevertheless de sirable to employ a neck containing indepeudent induction and eduction passages, even if the neck be constructed in two parts, as illustrated in Fig. 5, wherein is a screw-joint, at d, for afi'ordiug a valve-chamber and seat, as heretofore provided for in each of the two valve-necks heretofore employed in continuous atomizers, or as in one of the necks ofsuch intermittent atomizers as embody a valve.

Having thus described myinvention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. The atomizer-neck constructed to receive a bulbat one end thereof, and provided with independent induction and eduction air-passages, which terminate at the bulb-receiving end of the neck, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with an atomizer-standard constructed to occupy the neckof a bottle, of an air-pipe connected to and projecting from said standard, a bulb, and a neck inter- 3. The combination, in an atomizer, of the bulb and a neck connected therewith, which is provided with two valves, respectively for controlling the induction and eduction of air, substantially as described.

4. The combination of a flexible bulb, a flexible tube, and a neck interposed between them, provided with independent induction and ed uction air-passages, and valves for each, respectively located within said bulb and said tube, substantially as described.

5. An atomizer-neck constructed in one piece and provided with independent induction and eduction air-passages, and adapted atits ends to respectively counectwith a bulb and atube, substantially as described.

WILLIAM A. TURNER.

Witnesses:

' GEORGE J. WEST,

CLEMENT KINSTLER. 

